The Influence of Marketing Journals: A Citation Analysis of the Discipline and its Sub-areas

An important characteristic of journals is how influential they are in the generation and dissemination of scholarly knowledge in a discipline.We report a citation analysis of 49 marketing and marketing-related journals to assess their relative influence based on the index of structural influence proposed by Salancik (1986).We investigate the level and span of influence of the 49 journals, both in the marketing discipline as a whole and in five specific sub-areas of marketing.As expected, the Journal of Marketing emerges as the most influential journal in the discipline and as the journal with the broadest span of influence across all sub-areas of marketing.However, different journals are most influential in each of the sub-areas, and the Journal of Marketing is particularly influential among the applied marketing journals.We also find that the index of structural influence is significantly correlated with all other measures of influence but least so with the impact factors reported in the Social Sciences Citation Index.marketing;citation analysis

Spectral theorem for the Lindblad equation for quadratic open fermionic systems

The spectral theorem is proven for the quantum dynamics of quadratic open systems of n fermions described by the Lindblad equation. Invariant eigenspaces of the many-body Liouvillean dynamics and their largest Jordan blocks are explicitly constructed for all eigenvalues. For eigenvalue zero we describe an algebraic procedure for constructing (possibly higher dimensional) spaces of (degenerate) non-equilibrium steady states.Comment: 19 pages, no figure

The Geographic Distribution of US Executions

We review statistical patterns of the geographic distribution of US executions, compare them to homicides, and demonstrate extremely high degrees of concentration of executions in the modern period compared to previous historical periods. We further show that this unprecedented level of concentration has been increasing over the past 20 years. We demonstrate that it is virtually uncorrelated with factors related to homicides. Finally, we show that it corresponds to a statistical distribution associated with “self-reinforcing” processes: a power-law or exponential distribution. These findings stand whether we look at individual counties within death-penalty states, across the 50 states of the United States, or look at the international distribution of executions across countries in recent years. The substantive conclusion from the statistical patterns observed is that these cannot be explained merely by random variation around some general average. Rather, localities start down a path, then are reinforced in their pathways. There appears to be little to no logic about why certain counties are the high-use counties, whereas the vast majority have never executed a single individual in 40 years of experience with the modern death penalty, often in spite of thousands of homicides. Our research indicates that a main determinant of whether an individual will be executed is not the crime they commit, but the jurisdiction’s experience with executing others. This is not acceptable—legally, morally, or constitutionally

Importance, Cohesion and Structural Equivalence in the Evolving Citation Network of the International Journal of Research in Marketing

The citation network of the International Journal of Research in Marketing (IJRM) is examined from 1981 to 1995. We propose a model that contains log-linear and logmultiplicative terms to estimate simultaneously the importance, cohesion, and structural equivalence of journals in the network across time. Our findings show that the overall importance of IJRM in its network is low but growing. The importance of psychology journals in the network appears to be decreasing. Clear cohesive and structurally equivalent groups of core marketing, methodology, managerial and psychology journals with distinct functions in the network are identified. Recommendations for future citation research are offered.Citation analysis;social networks;log-multiplicative models

Federal Jurisdiction over State Claims to Shipwrecks: Should the Eleventh Amendment Go Down with the Ship?

The Eleventh Amendment prohibits citizens from bringing actions in law or equity against individual states in federal courts. The Amendment does not address whether states are subject to federal jurisdiction for actions in admiralty in which both a shipwreck salvor and a state claim title to a shipwreck Analyzing applicable admiralty, federal, and common law in the context of Eleventh Amendment jurisprudence, this Note examines whether the states are subject to pure admiralty actions in federal court by citizen-salvors seeking either title to or reward for salvaging a shipwreck. The original intentions of admiralty law: rewarding salvors for their efforts, uniformity, and encouraging the recovery and preservation of shipwrecked property, are considered in answering this jurisdictional question. The Eleventh Amendment remains afloat to protect states from some admiralty actions, but there are circumstances in which federal courts should have jurisdiction over citizens and states competing for claim to shipwrecks

An Analysis of Parental Attitude in Regard to Physical Education and Athletics in the Harvey High School

The purpose of this study was to investigate parental attitude in regard to several areas in physical education and athletics in the Harvey High School. The questionnaire-opinionnaire technique was used for obtaining the data. Copies of the opinionnaire were mailed to l£0 parents, and a return of 111 questionnaires, or 74 percent, was received. A brief summary of the findings show: 1. Parents believed an adequate job of teaching physical education is being done today. 2. Parents believed their children are receiving a better training in physical education now than when the respondents attended school. 3. Physical education was rated ninth on a list of 17 subjects that the parents considered important for children in high school. li. Athletics received the highest rating of the extracurricular activities that the parents considered important for children in high school. 5. The parents appeared to be more familiar with the athletic program than the physical-education program. 6. Parents favor having physical education taught in all grades. The following conclusions and recommendations were made: 1. It appeared the people are convinced that physical education is valuable and necessary, but they lack knowledge of the program. 2. The parents should be informed as to the objectives of the physical-education and athletic programs and the methods being used to achieve the objectives. 3. The physical education program must be administered so the activities offered will provide carry-over value. h. A good public relations program must exist between the physical education and athletic department and the public

A method of fuel testing in a CFR engine

At the present time, only a very small fraction of motor fuels produced for domestic use in the United States contain any alcohol in their blends. Soma foreign markets, notably the Philippine Islands and South American Countries use high proportions of alcohol in their motor fuel blends. Special purpose fuels in the United States which have alcohol blended with other compounds, have been used for engines from which maximum horsepower output is imperative. An example of this type of motor fuel blend might be found in the competitive motor sports involving motorcycles, stock automotive equipment, and special racing equipment. An extensive survey of literature brought to light the lack of scientific information and basis for proper blending of alcohol blend fuel mixtures. The most apparent information in the literature was the lack of any scientific approach to the compounding of these fuels. The author considers that this lack of scientific background is due to the difficulty of providing a satisfactory testing procedure to follow in making such an evaluation. This thesis reports the work involved in (a) preparing a suitable test engine for use in fuel research, (b) calibrating the associated equipment, (c) taking data, and (d) evaluating the resultant data in the light of the objective of the tests. A standard ASTM-CFR single cylinder fuel research engine was used as the basic engine, with necessary modifications to achieve as near actual operating conditions as possible and still allow maximum control over all the variables. These modifications and the reasons for them are described in detail in the discussion section under the preparation of the test engine. A piezoelectric crystal pickup was used to determine the cylinder pressures of the engine by electrically amplifying its output and using this output to drive an oscilloscope. The amplifier contained a special pressure evaluating device, and it, along with the pickup were calibrated as described in the discussion under the calibration of associated equipment. Once the engine was prepared and the associated equipment calibrated, the taking of data was begun in a relatively straight forward manner. However, since the data was taken over a period of time but was evaluated all at one time, it was necessary to maintain rigid control over the variables and the calibrations as the data was taken. The necessary steps and precautions are described in the discussion under the section of operation and data taking --Introduction, pages 1-2

Hierarchic Superposition Revisited

Many applications of automated deduction require reasoning in first-order logic modulo background theories, in particular some form of integer arithmetic. A major unsolved research challenge is to design theorem provers that are "reasonably complete" even in the presence of free function symbols ranging into a background theory sort. The hierarchic superposition calculus of Bachmair, Ganzinger, and Waldmann already supports such symbols, but, as we demonstrate, not optimally. This paper aims to rectify the situation by introducing a novel form of clause abstraction, a core component in the hierarchic superposition calculus for transforming clauses into a form needed for internal operation. We argue for the benefits of the resulting calculus and provide two new completeness results: one for the fragment where all background-sorted terms are ground and another one for a special case of linear (integer or rational) arithmetic as a background theory